Snus: a compelling harm reduction alternative to cigarettes

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Snus: a compelling harm reduction alternative to cigarettes

Мнениеот upamfva на Чет Дек 29, 2022 8:10 am

Snus: a compelling harm reduction alternative to cigarettes



Snus is an oral smokeless tobacco product which is usually placed behind the upper lip, either in a loose form or in portioned sachets, and is primarily used in Sweden and Norway. The purpose of this review is to examine the reported effects of snus use in relation to specified health effects, namely lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic cancer, diabetes, oral cancer and non-neoplastic oral disease. The review also examines the harm reduction potential of snus as an alternative to cigarettes by comparing the prevalence of snus use and cigarette smoking, and the reported incidence of tobacco-related diseases across European Union countries. The scientific literature generally indicates that the use of snus is not a significant risk factor for developing lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic cancer or oral cancer. Studies investigating snus use and diabetes have reported that high consumption of snus (estimated as being four or more cans per week) may be associated with a higher risk of developing diabetes or components of metabolic syndrome; however, overall results are not conclusive. Snus use is associated with the presence of non-neoplastic oral mucosal lesions which are reported to heal rapidly once use has stopped. The most recent Eurobarometer data from 2017 reported that Sweden had the lowest prevalence of daily cigarette use in the European Union at 5% whilst daily “oral tobacco” use was reported to be 20%. European data published by the World Health Organisation in 2018 indicated that Sweden had the lowest rate of tobacco-related mortality and the lowest incidence of male lung cancer. Overall, prevalence statistics and epidemiological data indicate that the use of snus confers a significant harm reduction benefit which is reflected in the comparatively low levels of tobacco-related disease in Sweden when compared with the rest of Europe. The available scientific data, including long-term population studies conducted by independent bodies, demonstrates that the health risks associated with snus are considerably lower than those associated with cigarette smoking.Get more news about wholesale snus design,you can vist our website!

Snus is a moist oral tobacco product which is placed behind the upper lip, either loose or in portioned sachets, which resemble miniature tea bags. Air-cured tobacco is ground, mixed with salt and water and then processed under strict quality and regulatory controls using a technique similar to pasteurisation. Snus is distinctly different to other oral tobacco products due to the unique manufacturing process involved [1].

Within the European Union (EU), the sale of snus is prohibited by legislation in all countries except Sweden which has an exemption [2]. Snus is also available in Norway as it is not an EU member country and, as such, is not bound by EU legislation [1]. Swedish Match (a snus manufacturer) recently challenged the validity of the ban for a second time, arguing that new scientific data has shown it to be less harmful than cigarettes. However, after reviewing the evidence in November 2018, the European Court of Justice ruled to uphold the ban on snus [3].

The purpose of this review is to examine the effects of snus use in relation to certain health endpoints namely lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic cancer, diabetes, oral cancer and non-neoplastic oral disease. The studies discussed in this review refer specifically to the use of snus in European populations only. This is because smokeless oral tobacco products from other geographical regions are manufactured under different conditions, and frequently contain substances other than tobacco such as slaked lime and areca nut. Such products are therefore regarded as being substantially different from snus [4]. The review also examines the harm reduction potential of snus as an alternative to cigarettes by comparing the prevalence of snus and cigarette use, and the reported incidence of tobacco-related diseases across EU countries.

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